Intel BLADE SERVER IXM5414E User Manual Page 282
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Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol 259
The following illustration shows the actions that occur when a port is in the discarding state.
Learning state
A port in the learning state prepares to participate in frame forwarding. The port enters the learning
state from the discarding state. A port will move from learning to forwarding when its forward delay
timer expires.
A port in the learning state does the following:
• Discards frames received from the network segment to which it is attached.
• Discards packets sent from another port on the bridge for forwarding.
• Learns station location information from the source address of packets and adds this information
to its forwarding database.
• Receives BPDUs for the CPU and transmits BPDUs from the CPU.
- User’s Guide 1
- Contents 2
- Contents v 4
- Contents vii 6
- Contents ix 8
- Contents xi 10
- Contents xiii 12
- Contents xv 14
- Contents xvii 16
- CAUTION: 20
- Related publications 25
- Specifications and features 27
- IXM5414E 32
- Installation guidelines 34
- Information panel 42
- Concepts 44
- Port mirroring 48
- Switching concepts 49
- Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) 50
- IEEE 802.1Q VLANs 51
- 802.1Q Packet Forwarding 52
- IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tags 53
- Port VLAN ID 54
- Tagging and untagging 54
- IEEE 802.1Q VLAN configuration 55
- Static MAC filtering 56
- Link aggregation (LAG) 58
- Static LAGs 59
- Distribution method 59
- Local authentication 61
- RADIUS authentication 62
- Secure Shell (SSH) 62
- Quality of Service (QoS) 63
- Access Control Lists (ACL) 64
- Introduction 66
- Getting started 67
- ARP cache 71
- Network connectivity 74
- User accounts 76
- Login configuration 78
- Login session 79
- Login summary 80
- User login 81
- Forwarding database 83
- Message log 85
- Event log 86
- Mirroring 92
- Community configuration 94
- Trap receiver configuration 95
- Trap receiver summary 96
- Switch summary 101
- Port detailed 102
- Port summary 107
- System utilities 109
- Reset passwords to defaults 110
- Download file to switch 111
- Upload file from switch 112
- Trap manager 114
- Trap log 115
- Switching 116
- Configuration 117
- Port configuration 120
- Protocol-based VLAN 122
- MAC filter configuration 125
- MAC filter summary 126
- Switch configuration 128
- IGMP snooping 130
- Interface configuration 131
- MFDB table 134
- GMRP table 135
- IGMP snooping table 136
- Spanning tree 137
- CST port configuration/status 140
- Class of service 142
- Security 143
- Port status 146
- Statistics 150
- Port access privileges 153
- Port access summary 153
- Server configuration 155
- RADIUS statistics 157
- Server statistics 157
- Accounting server statistics 160
- Secure HTTP 161
- Secure Shell 163
- Access Control Lists 164
- Rule configuration 166
- Bandwidth provisioning 169
- Bandwidth profile summary 170
- Traffic class configuration 171
- Traffic class summary 173
- Interface allocation summary 174
- Command name 176
- Parameters 177
- Comments 178
- Special characters 178
- Managing user accounts 180
- Initial configuration 181
- System commands 182
- Inventory information 183
- Port commands 184
- System configuration 190
- System description 194
- TFTP upload example 204
- IGMP snooping commands 210
- MAC filter commands 213
- Protocol-based VLAN commands 216
- Spanning tree commands 217
- Spanning tree port commands 221
- Class of Service commands 227
- Authentication commands 228
- IEEE 802.1X commands 230
- RADIUS accounting commands 235
- RADIUS server commands 238
- Secure Shell (SSH) commands 240
- Appendix B Cable Lengths 252
- Settings 254
- Appendix D CLI Command Tree 260
- Bridging configuration example 268
- VLAN configuration example 269
- Creating a stable topology 275
- IEEE 802.1D STP port states 276
- IEEE 802.1w STP port states 277
- Illustration of STP 279
- Discarding state 281
- Learning state 282
- Forwarding state 283
- Disabled state 285
- Troubleshooting STP 286
- Unidirectional link 287
- Packet corruption 288
- Resource errors 288
- Identifying a data loop 288
- Avoiding network problems 289
- Assistance 292
- Appendix H Notices 294
- General Safety 295
- Electrical Safety 295
- Safety compliance 297
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